This study delves into the comparative analysis of rainfed and irrigated palay (rice) volume of production in the Philippines, employing a multiple linear regression approach. The research utilizes data extracted from the Philippine Statistics Authority's 2012 Census of Agriculture and Fisheries. Palay production is a vital component of the Philippine agricultural sector, with both rainfed and irrigated cultivation methods playing significant roles in the country's food security and economic stability. By employing multiple linear regression, this study aims to identify the key factors influencing palay production under rainfed and irrigated conditions, and to discern the relative impacts of these factors on production volume.