Provides the raw (the data is not normalized) Mississippi tornado count by county for the 1990s, 2000s, and 2010s. References: NOAA. (2025). Storm Events Database. National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/ Steven Manson, Jonathan Schroeder, David Van Riper, Katherine Knowles, Tracy Kugler, Finn Roberts, and Steven Ruggles. IPUMS National Historical Geographic Information System: Version 19.0 [dataset]. Minneapolis, MN: IPUMS. 2024. http://doi.org/10.18128/D050.V19.0 U.S. Census Bureau. (2024). TIGER/Line Shapefiles. https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files.html

This map depicts the normalized tornado rate in Mississippi by season per 10K residents and also includes the total actual values of tornado occurrences in spring, summer, fall, and winter. References: NOAA. (2025). Storm Events Database. National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/ Steven Manson, Jonathan Schroeder, David Van Riper, Katherine Knowles, Tracy Kugler, Finn Roberts, and Steven Ruggles. IPUMS National Historical Geographic Information System: Version 19.0 [dataset]. Minneapolis, MN: IPUMS. 2024. http://doi.org/10.18128/D050.V19.0 U.S. Census Bureau. (2024). TIGER/Line Shapefiles. https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files.html

Provides tornado rate per 10K residents for Mississippi in the 1990s, 2000s, and 2010s using: Tornado data from NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database: ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents County shapefiles from U.S. Census Bureau (TIGER/Line): census.gov Population data from IPUMS NHGIS (from U.S. Census): Steven Manson, Jonathan Schroeder, David Van Riper, Katherine Knowles, Tracy Kugler, Finn Roberts, and Steven Ruggles. IPUMS National Historical Geographic Information System: Version 19.0 [dataset]. Minneapolis, MN: IPUMS. 2024. http://doi.org/10.18128/D050.V19.0