GVC

Normalization is applied to bring all the measures onto the same scale. Each measure for sector i is subtracted by the minimum value of the measure across all sectors and divided by the range (max - min) of the measure across all sectors. Mathematically, if � � x i ​ is the measure for sector i, the normalized measure � � n i ​ is given by � � = � � − min ⁡ ( � ) max ⁡ ( � ) − min ⁡ ( � ) n i ​ = max(x)−min(x) x i ​ −min(x) ​ . After normalization, each measure ranges from 0 to 1. Aggregation is done by summing the normalized scores across different measures for each sector to provide a single score for the sector. These calculations are key to understanding the relative importance and interconnectedness of different sectors in an economy.